Africa’s northern half is more dry and hot, while its southern end is more humid and cool. The continent’s narrow southern section is far more influenced by oceanic factors than the bulging northern section. This climatic symmetry is disturbed, however, by Africa’s unequal shape. Climatic zones lie on either side of this line as if it were a mirror, with tropical wet climates closer to the Equator and m ore arid conditions closer to the tropics. The Equator nearly bisects the continent into two equal parts. Important words include the Egyptian word Afru-ika, meaning “Motherland” the Greek word aphrike, meaning “without cold” and the Latin word aprica, meaning “sunny.” A number of factors influence Africa’s sunny climate. Most believe it stems from words used by the Phoenicians, Greeks, and Romans. The origin of the name “Africa” is greatly disputed by scholars. Africa’s physical geography, environment and resources, and human geography can be considered separately. It is divided in half almost equally by the Equator. Africa, the second-largest continent, is bounded by the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the Atlantic Ocean.
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